Ukusetshenziswa komakhalekhukhwini sekuyinto ebalulekile empilweni yethu yedijithali: namuhla, Sichitha cishe u-80% wesikhathi sethu ku-inthanethi siphethe ama-smartphone ethu esandleni sethuLolu shintsho olukhulu emikhubeni yabathengi luye lwaphoqa izinkampani ukuthi zicabange kabusha ngokuphelele imodeli yazo yebhizinisi nokuthi zithuthukisa kanjani imikhiqizo yedijithali. Akusanele ukuba nohlelo lokusebenza oluhle noma i-backend eqinile: manje kubalulekile ukubeka phambili ukuhamba, ukusebenza, kanye nolwazi lomsebenzisi noma nini, noma kuphi.
Iningi lalowo mzamo ligxile indlela esigcina, siphatha, futhi sisebenzisa ngayo idatha ekhiqizwe abasebenzisi Uma abasebenzisi bexhumana nezinhlelo zethu zokusebenza zeselula, ukuchofoza ngakunye, ukubhukha ngakunye, umlayezo ngamunye, noma ithikithi ngalinye kukhiqiza ulwazi okumele lugcinwe ngokuphephile, lutholakale, futhi luvumelaniswe kuwo wonke amadivayisi. Yilapho izizindalwazi ze-SQL ne-NoSQL zisebenza khona, kanye nesizukulwane esisha samathuluzi nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuzilawula usohambeni.
Inselele yokuphatha idatha ezindaweni zeselula
Uma singena ezweni lezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphatha isizindalwazi, sihlangana ngokushesha neqiniso: amapulatifomu eselula avame kakhulu (i-iOS, i-Android noma i-Windows Phone) Baletha amathuluzi aklanyelwe ukuklama nokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza, kodwa izixazululo zabo zesitoreji sendabuko azizange zishintshe njalo ngesivinini esifanayo nemakethe kanye nokulindelwe ngabasebenzisi.
Kwenzeka okufanayo nge- ubuchwepheshe obuhlanganisiwe obusekelwe ku-HTML5, njenge-Apache Cordova noma i-PhoneGap, kanye nezinhlaka ezifana ne- I-Ionic 3Izinhlelo zabo zokugcina idatha zasendaweni—ngokuvamile ezinqunyelwe ku-SQLite noma izindlela ezilula zokuphikelela—ziphoqa abathuthukisi ukuthi balondoloze ukuphathwa kwedatha okusebenzayo kakhulu, baklame ukuvumelanisa ngesandla, ukulawula inguqulo, kanye nezinqubo zokuxazulula izingxabano. Lokhu kuhumushela ekubeni yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kanye nesikhathi esiningi sokuthuthukisa ukuze kufezwe okuthile umsebenzisi akubheka kalula: ukuthi idatha yakhe ikhona futhi isebenza kahle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuziphatha komsebenzisi kushintshe kakhulu. Manje linda Jabulela uhlelo lokusebenza ngisho noma ungenalo uxhumano lwe-inthanethiUfuna ukuyivula endizeni, esitimeleni esingaphansi komhlaba, noma phakathi kwezintaba bese eqhubeka nokufinyelela nokushintsha ulwazi njengokungathi akukho okungahambi kahle. Indlela yendabuko yobuchwepheshe beselula ibilokhu iwukuqapha isimo senethiwekhi nokuvula noma ukuvala imisebenzi kuye ngokuthi kukhona ukuxhumana noma cha, ukubonisa imiyalezo yamaphutha noma ukuvimba izenzo lapho singakwazi ukufinyelela iseva.
Uma ucabanga ngakho, kungaba kuhle ukuba nobuchwepheshe obufana kakhulu nobo obusetshenziswa... izinsizakalo ze-backend kanye nezizindalwazi eziseceleni kwesevaokufihla konke ukuqina kokuxhumeka kwedivayisi futhi okunikeza imodeli yedatha ehambisanayo kokubili ku-inthanethi nangaphandle kwe-inthanethi. Yilapho kanye ezinye izixazululo ze-NoSQL zikhanya khona ngempela, futhi ikakhulukazi, lapho i-Couchbase inikeza khona isiphakamiso esithakazelisayo kakhulu nge-Couchbase Mobile.
I-Couchbase Mobile: ukuvumelanisa idatha okungenazinkinga
I-Couchbase iphendule kule nselele ngokuqalisa I-Couchbase Mobile, isethi yamathuluzi aklanyelwe ukugcina ulwazi luvumelanisiwe phakathi kwamadivayisi eselula namaseva ngendlela elula, ezenzakalelayo futhi esobala kakhulu kunjiniyela.
Idivayisi yeselula isebenzisa inguqulo encishisiwe kodwa enamandla kakhulu yenjini yedatha, ebizwa ngokuthi I-Couchbase LiteNakuba ibizwa ngokuthi "i-Lite," ayiyona ikhambi elilinganiselwe: ikuvumela ukuthi wenze imisebenzi ejwayelekile ye-CRUD (Dala, Funda, Buyekeza, Susa), usebenze ngemibono ethuthukisiwe kanye nezinkomba, futhi usebenzise ngisho nezinqubo ze-MapReduce. Ngamanye amazwi, cishe unakho konke okudingayo. amandla edathabheyisi ephelele ye-NoSQL entendeni yesandla sakho.
Imisebenzi yenziwa ngqo kusethi yedatha egcinwe endaweni, ukusebenzisa amandla okucubungula amafoni namathebulethi esimanje ngokunenzuzoLokhu kunomphumela obalulekile wolwazi lomsebenzisi: uhlelo lokusebenza lungabonisa, luhlunge, luhlele, noma lushintshe idatha ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokulinda iseva ukuthi iphendule noma ibonise izithonjana "zokulayisha" ezingapheli. Umsebenzisi unekhophi yakamuva yolwazi lwakhe kudivayisi, futhi ukuqonda kokuguquguquka kuthuthuka kakhulu.
Ukuze kugcinwe ukuvumelana phakathi kwalokho okwenzeka kudivayisi yeselula nalokho okwenzeka kuseva, i-Couchbase ithembele komunye wemikhiqizo yayo, Isango LokuvumelanisaLe ngxenye isebenza njengomlamuleli phakathi kwamadivayisi eklayenti ahlukene kanye ne-Couchbase Server ephakathi, futhi inesibopho sokuphatha ukuvumelanisa amadokhumenti, izimvume, kanye neziteshi zokusatshalaliswa kwedatha.
Indlela yokuvumelanisa ulwazi ne-Sync Gateway
Ukuvumelanisa ku-Couchbase Mobile kuhlelwe yi- imithetho echaziwe ngeziteshi kanye nokugunyazwa ngedokhumenti ngayinyeEmpeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi singanquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lolwazi okufanele lufinyelele kudivayisi ngayinye ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zokuphepha, ubulungu, noma ukuhlukanisa, sigweme ukuthumela idatha engadingekile.
Le ndlela ifinyelela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, nciphisa ithrafikhi yedatha yeselulaLokhu kubaluleke kakhulu esikhwameni somsebenzisi kanye nokusebenza kohlelo lokusebenza; futhi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuqinisekisa ukuthi idivayisi ngayinye ithola ulwazi ehloselwe lona kuphela. Idokhumenti ngayinye ixhunywe kumsebenzisi noma eqenjini labasebenzisi, futhi imithetho ye-Sync Gateway iqinisekisa ukuthi ayikho idivayisi ebona idatha okungafanele ibone.
Enye yamandla alo mklamo ukuthi i-cross-platform orientationI-Couchbase Lite itholakala ngokwendabuko ku-iOS, Android, kanye ne-.NET, futhi ingahlanganiswa namapulatifomu ahlanganisiwe njenge-PhoneGap (Apache Cordova) noma izinhlaka ze-cross-platform ezifana ne- I-FlutterNgaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa i-Couchbase Lite ngaphandle kwe-Sync Gateway, isebenza kuphela ngedatha yendawo yedivayisi, okuwusizo kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza ezingadingi ukuvumelanisa ne-backend ephakathi.
Kulezo zimo, unjiniyela angakhetha i-Couchbase Lite esikhundleni sokusebenzisa i- I-SQLite noma ezinye izixazululo zesitoreji ezilula okuvame ukwehluleka lapho uhlelo lokusebenza lukhula ekusebenzeni, ivolumu yedatha, noma ubunzima bombuzo. Ukuba nenjini ye-NoSQL evuthiwe endaweni kuvula umnyango wamamodeli wedatha aguquguqukayo kanye nokuvela komkhiqizo okungaphazamisi kakhulu.
Izibonelo zokusebenzisa izizindalwazi ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zeselula
Ukuze uqonde kangcono izinzuzo zalezi zinhlobo zamathuluzi, kuyasiza ukucabanga ngesimo sangempela. Cabanga nge- Uhlelo lokusebenza lokuhamba oluhlanganisa wonke amathikithi akho, ukubhukha amahhotela, kanye namathikithi endiza.Kunengqondo ukuthi ungathanda ukufinyelela lolo lwazi ngenkathi usesikhumulweni sezindiza, usesitimeleni, noma ngisho nalapho ufika lapho uya khona, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokuxhumeka kwedatha okuzinzile.
Ngesisombululo esifana neCouchbase Mobile, umsebenzisi angaba Lonke ulwazi lwakho lokuhamba luyatholakala ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuba ku-inthanethiUhlelo lokusebenza lungabonisa ulwazi lwendiza, amashejuli ezitimela, ukubhukha amahhotela, imizila yedolobha, kanye nezinhlelo zokubuka izindawo. Futhi alugcini nje ngokubheka izinto: ungamaka nezindiza eziqediwe, izindawo ezivakashelwe, noma ukubhukha okukhanseliwe, konke ngaphandle kokuthembela ekumbozweni kwenethiwekhi. Uma idivayisi yakho iphinda ithole uxhumano, izinguquko zizovumelaniswa ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi ngaphandle kokungenelela.
Esinye isimo esichazayo kakhulu yileso sezinhlelo zokusebenza ezine- izindawo ezithakazelisayo ezisatshalaliswe ngokwendawo (ama-POI)Uma sishintsha ama-POI nge-Pokémon noma i-PokeStations, isibonelo siba yinto ejwayeleke kakhulu: kulolu hlobo lwemidlalo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-geolocation, sidinga ukukhombisa umsebenzisi ukuthi yiziphi izakhi eziseduze, ukuthi zibuyekezwa kanjani, nokuthi yiziphi izenzo angazithatha kuzo, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokufuna ukuthembela ocingweni lweseva njalo ngomzuzwana.
Indlela yendabuko yokuxazulula lokhu ivame ukuhilela izindlela zokuvota noma zokulalela ezisebenzayoKulezi zimo, iklayenti licela ulwazi ngezikhathi ezithile noma ligcina ukuxhumana okuvulekile ukuze lithole izibuyekezo. Le ndlela idinga ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwezinsizakusebenza zeseva, kanye nokuhlela okubucayi kakhulu. Ngokusebenzisa i-Sync Gateway kanye nenjini yeselula ye-NoSQL, lo msebenzi udluliselwa esixazululweni sokuvumelanisa, kunciphisa inani lekhodi yangokwezifiso okufanele ithimba lokuthuthukisa liyibhale.
Izinzuzo zalolu hlobo ziningi: Ukuthuthuka okukhulu kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi, ukusetshenziswa kwedatha yeselula okuncishisiwe, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamaqembu e-backend namaqembu eselula, kanye nokutholakala kumapulatifomu amaningiNakuba i-Couchbase Mobile ingeyona umkhiqizo oyinhloko wezentengiselwano we-Couchbase, inikeza izinzuzo ezicacile kakhulu zezinhlobo ezithile zamaphrojekthi agxile kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi weselula kanye nokufinyelela idatha okuphumelelayo.
Abaphathi be-SQL yebhizinisi bezindawo ezidinga kakhulu
Uma sithuthela ohlangothini lwendabuko lomhlaba wedathabheyisi, izixazululo ze-SQL zihlala ziyisisekelo, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zebhizinisi. Kulesi sigaba, izinhlelo ze-Enterprise kanye ne-Enterprise Plus ze I-PostgreSQL, i-MySQL kanye ne-SQL Server Zinikeza ukutholakala okuthuthukile, ukusebenza, ukusabalala, kanye namakhono okuvikela idatha abalulekile kumasevisi okumele ahlale esebenza.
Endabeni I-PostgreSQL Enterprise PlusKufakiwe ukuthuthukiswa okuqondile okugxile ekutholakaleni okuphezulu kanye nokusebenza kahle. Sikhuluma ngezivumelwano zezinga lesevisi (ama-SLA) eziqinisekisa Ukutholakala okungu-99,99%Cishe akukho sikhathi sokungasebenzi, ukulungiswa kwehadiwe nesofthiwe okulungiselelwe, kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina idatha ezihlakaniphile ezenzelwe imisebenzi eminingi yokufunda. Kuhlanganisa nenketho yokugcina idatha elungisekayo kanye nokugcinwa kwedatha kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-35, okubalulekile ekuhlolweni, ekulandelelweni, nasekubuyiselweni kwezehlakalo.
Emhlabeni we I-MySQL Enterprise PlusIndlela iyafana. Lolu hlelo luphinde lunikeze i-SLA ye Ukutholakala okungu-99,99%Ukulungiswa okuncane ngesikhathi sokungasebenzi kanye nokulungiselelwa okulungiselelwe ukuze kukhuliswe ukusebenza kwehadiwe eyisisekelo. Ihlanganisa izinhlelo zokulondoloza idatha ezihlakaniphile zemithwalo yemisebenzi yokufunda ebanzi, inikeza ama-cache alungisekayo, izinsuku ezingu-35 zokugcina amalogi, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, izici zokwehluleka ezithuthukisiwe njengokuhluleka kanye nokululama okuhleliwe, okunciphisa umthelela wezigameko ezinkulu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, I-SQL Server Enterprise Plus Iphinde igxile ekutholakaleni okuqhubekayo kanye nokuphendula amaphutha. Inikeza ama-SLA e- Ukutholakala okungu-99,99%, imindeni emibili yemishini ebonakalayo (elungiselelwe ukusebenza noma inkumbulo), inqolobane yedatha elungisekayo yokwandisa ukusebenza kokufundwa okujulile kanye nezindlela ezithuthukisiwe zokwehluleka, okuhlanganisa ukwehluleka kanye nokuhlelwa okuzenzakalelayo ukuze kugcinwe isevisi isebenza ngisho noma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka okukhulu.
Iyini uhlelo lokuphathwa kwedatha (i-DBMS)?
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka, kubalulekile ukukhumbula kahle ukuthi sisho ukuthini uma sithi uhlelo lokuphathwa kwedatha noma i-DBMSLolu uhlelo lwesofthiwe olukuvumela ukuthi udale, uphathe futhi uphathe izizindalwazi, uchaze izakhiwo ezidingekayo zokugcina, ukubuza nokuguqula ulwazi ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka.
Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-DBMS, avame ukuhlukaniswa ngokwendlela agcina futhi ahlela ngayo idatha. Imindeni emibili eyinhloko yi- izinhlelo zokuphatha ubudlelwano (SQL) futhi i izinhlelo zokuphathwa kwedathabheyisi ezingezona ezokuxhumana (i-NoSQL)Isigaba ngasinye siphendula ezidingweni ezahlukene kanye namaphethini okusetshenziswa, futhi ukukhetha okufanele kuncike kokubili kumodeli yedatha kanye nobuningi bolwazi, imibuzo okufanele yenziwe kanye nezidingo zokutholakala.
Izinhlelo zokuphatha idathabheyisi eziyinhloko (SQL)
Izinhlelo zokuphathwa kwedathabheyisi yobudlelwano bezikhona kusukela ngawo-70 futhi, yize sezithuthuke kakhulu, zisathuthuke kakhulu. indinganiso yangempela ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezicelo zebhizinisi, ezezimali, nezenkampaniImodeli yayo isekelwe kumathebula ahlobene ngokusebenzisa okhiye, lapho ithebula ngalinye liqoqa khona isethi yamarekhodi (imigqa) anezimfanelo (amakholomu).
MySQL
MySQL Cishe uhlelo lokuphathwa kwedathabheyisi yobudlelwano olwaziwa kakhulu endaweni yewebhu futhi lungenye yezibonelo ezicacile uma kukhulunywa nge-SQL. Luyi-DBMS enemicu eminingi futhi enabasebenzisi abaningi, evame kakhulu kumawebhusayithi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezakhiwe ngesofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile.
Kusatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwelayisensi. GNU GPLKodwa-ke, selokhu yathengwa yi-Oracle, amalayisense ezentengiselwano aqondiswe endaweni yebhizinisi kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwemikhiqizo eyimfihlo nawo anikezwa. Phakathi kwezinzuzo zayo eziyinhloko kukhona... ukusebenziseka kalula, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokulula kokufakwa nokucushwa, ukwesekwa kwayo kwamapulatifomu amaningi kanye nokuhambisana kwayo nokuxhumeka okuphephile nge-SSL.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, obunye bobuthakathaka bayo bendabuko kube ukukhuliswa kwedatha enkulu kakhuluNakuba ithuthuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi kukhona amasu athuthukile kanye nokucushwa, kwezinye izimo ezibiza kakhulu noma ezihambisana nemali ephezulu kungase kungasebenzi kahle njengezinye izinketho ezenzelwe ngqo umthwalo wemisebenzi osindayo.
MariaDB
MariaDB Yaqala njengefoloko le-MySQL lapho i-Oracle ithola ukulawula kwe-MySQL, ngenhloso yokugcina ifilosofi yomthombo ovulekile ngokuphelele. Ihambisana kakhulu ne-MySQL futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, Ingeza ezinye izinjini zokugcina, ukuthuthukiswa kokukhula, kanye nezandiso ezenzelwe ukuhlanganiswa namamodeli e-NoSQL..
Phakathi kwezici zayo ezivelele kakhulu sithola ukuthi Izinjini zokugcina ezitholakalayo ezikhuphukile, ukuphepha kanye nesivinini sokuthengiselanaIzinzuzo zifaka phakathi ukukhuliswa okungcono kokucushwa okuthile kanye nezici ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwayo nedathabheyisi ye-NoSQL. Ukungalungi akubalulekile, yize kungase kube nokungalingani okuncane ngesikhathi sezinqubo zokufuduka phakathi kwe-MariaDB ne-MySQL kanye nokubambezeleka ngezikhathi ezithile ekukhishweni kwezinguqulo ezizinzile ngokugcwele.
SQLite
SQLite Kuyicala elikhethekile emhlabeni we-SQL. Ngaphezu kwe-DBMS yendabuko eseceleni kweseva, kuyilabhulali ebhalwe ngo-C esebenzisa injini yedathabheyisi ehlanganisiwe yobudlelwano. akukho ukucushwa kweseva noma okuyinkimbinkimbi okudingekayoYingakho ithandwa kakhulu kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zedeskithophu, zeselula, kanye nezifakiwe.
Amandla ayo angawo usayizi omncane kakhulu, ukuhambisana nezakhiwo ze-ACID (i-Atomicity, i-Consistency, i-Insulation kanye ne-Durability) okuqinisekisa ukuzinza kokuthengiselana, futhi okunikeza ukuphatheka nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu ezimweni ezimaphakathi. Kuhle kakhulu kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga isizindalwazi esilula okulula ukusifaka futhi esisebenza cishe noma kuphi.
Umkhawulo wayo omkhulu, futhi, ukukhubazekaI-SQLite ayiklanyelwe ukuphatha izizindalwazi ezinkulu noma inani elikhulu lokuxhumana ngasikhathi sinye. Ezindaweni ezidinga kakhulu noma ezisatshalaliswe, ingase inganele futhi idinge ukuthuthukiswa kuseva yesizindalwazi enamandla kakhulu.
I-PostgreSQL
I-PostgreSQL Kuyi-DBMS ehlobene nezinto, ekhishwe ngaphansi kwelayisensi efana ne-BSD, eye yathola idumela njengenye yezinhlelo zokuphatha isizindalwazi eziqinile kakhulu, ezizinzile, nezithuthukisiwe ohlelweni lwe-open-source. Ihlanganisa izici ezinamandla kakhulu, njenge... ukulawulwa kwemali eguquguqukayo ehlukahlukene (MVCC)okuvumela ukuphatha ukuthengiselana okuningi ngasikhathi sinye ngaphandle kokuvimba ukufundwa, kanye nokuguquguquka okukhulu ezilimini zokuhlela ezingasetshenziswa ukukwandisa.
Kuyi-multiplatform kanye nezici amathuluzi okuphatha aphelele, njenge-pgAdminokwenza kube lula umsebenzi wansuku zonke kanye nokuphathwa kwezindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ivelele ngokuqina kwayo, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokuzinza, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngokusingatha idatha eningi kanye nemibuzo eyinkimbinkimbi.
Njengokungekuhle, kungaba Kungase kube kancane noma kube nzima ezimweni ezinezingobo zolwazi ezincane. lapho ubunzima bokwakhiwa kwayo bungasetshenziswa ngokugcwele. Kusobala ukuthi ilungiselelwe izindawo ezinkulu, futhi lawo mandla abiza kancane kancane ngobulula nangokulula.
I-Microsoft SQL Server
I-Microsoft SQL Server Luhlelo oluhamba phambili lokuphathwa kwedatha yokuxhumana ohlelweni lwe-Microsoft. Ngokusekelwe olimini lwe-Transact-SQL, lungenza inani elikhulu ledatha litholakale kubasebenzisi abaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngokugxila kakhulu endaweni yebhizinisi.
Izinzuzo zayo zifaka phakathi Ukusekelwa kwe-Microsoft okuqondile nokukhethekile, ukusabalala, ukuzinza, kanye nokuphephaInikeza ikhono lokukhansela imibuzo ngendlela elawulwayo kanye nendawo enamandla yokuphatha izithombe eyenza ukusebenzisa imiyalo ye-DDL ne-DML kube lula, ngisho nakubasebenzisi abangenalo ulwazi oluningi. Nakuba ekuqaleni yayitholakala kuphela kwi-Windows, ibilokhu isetshenziswa naku-Linux kanye nasezitsheni ze-Docker isikhathi esithile manje.
Inkinga enkulu ukubuyiswa kwe- izindleko zamalayisenseKukhona uhlelo lwamahhala (i-Express), kodwa ezindaweni zobungcweti kuvamile ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezikhokhelwayo njenge-Standard, Developer, Enterprise noma i-SQL Azure (inguqulo yamafu), ezidinga utshalomali olukhulu.
Isigcini se-Oracle
Oracle Sekungamashumi eminyaka, ibilokhu iyisistimu yokuphathwa kwedatha eholayo emhlabeni wezinkampani, eyaziwa ngokuba ngesinye sezinhlelo eziphelele neziqinile emakethe. Inikeza ukwesekwa kokuthengiselana okuthuthukisiwe kanye ne- ukuzinza okuphezulu, ukukhuliswa kanye nokusekelwa kwamapulatifomu amaningi futhi inesimiso esikhulu samathuluzi nezixazululo ezisizungezile.
Iphuzu layo elibuthakathaka, njenge-SQL Server, yi- intengoNakuba kukhona inguqulo yamahhala (i-Express Edition noma i-XE), izinketho ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni zebhizinisi ziyakhokhelwa: i-Standard Edition, i-Standard Edition One, i-Standard Edition 2, i-Personal Edition, i-Lite Edition, kanye ne-Enterprise Edition, ngayinye inezici nemikhawulo ehlukile. Ukukhetha kuvame ukuncika ekusebenzeni kwenhlangano, ukutholakala, kanye nezidingo zesabelomali.
Izinhlelo zokuphatha isizindalwazi se-NoSQL zobuningi obuphezulu nokutholakala okuphezulu
Ngokuphambene nomodeli wobudlelwano wendabuko, Imininingwane ye-NoSQL Bavele ukuze babhekane nezidingo lapho izakhiwo eziqinile, ezisekelwe etafuleni zingalingani kahle, noma lapho ukuguquguquka okuvundlile kwakuyinto eza kuqala. Ngokuvamile, izizindalwazi ze-NoSQL:
Azidingi ama-schema aqinile njengamathebula ahlobene, Abaqinisekisi njalo zonke izakhiwo ze-ACID ngokuqinile (bakhetha amanye amamodeli okuvumelana) futhi bakhula kahle kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo okusatshalaliswe, lapho kucutshungulwa khona inani elikhulu ledatha futhi kudingeka ukutholakala okuphezulu.
Ziwusizo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezihlakazekile ngokwendawo, ngezinsizakalo ezihlinzeka Kumelwe bahlale bekhuthele futhi baphathe ulwazi oluningi kakhulunjengamanethiwekhi omphakathi, izinhlelo zokubhalisa ezinkulu, ukuhlaziya kwesikhathi sangempela, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinezigidi zabasebenzisi abakanye.
I-MongoDB
I-MongoDB Ingenye yezinhlelo zokuphathwa kwedatha ye-NoSQL ezidumile kakhulu emhlabeni. Igxile kumadokhumenti futhi igcina idatha ezakhiweni ze-BSON (isithombe se-JSON esiphindwe kabili). i-schema enamandla, esiza kakhulu ukuhlanganiswa kanye nokuvela kwemodeli yedatha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Isetshenziswa izinkampani eziphezulu njenge-Google, i-Facebook, i-eBay, i-Cisco, ne-Adobe, ngenxa yezici ezifana nalezi ukukhomba okuthuthukisiwe, ukuphindaphinda, ukulinganisela umthwaloIzici zayo ezibalulekile zifaka phakathi isitoreji esisekelwe kumafayela, imibuzo yesikhashana eguquguqukayo, ukusabalala okuvundlile, kanye nohlobo lwayo lomthombo ovulekile. Ivumela ukwengeza ama-node ukusabalalisa umthwalo womsebenzi kanye nevolumu yedatha, ukugcina ukusebenza kwesevisi ngezinga elikhulu.
Ububi bayo obukhulu buvela lapho budingeka ukuthengiselana okuyinkimbinkimbi nokuvumelana kakhulu kumadokhumenti amaningiNakuba i-MongoDB ibilokhu ifaka ukwesekwa okuphelele kokuthengiselana, akusona inketho efanelekile kakhulu yezinhlelo zokusebenza lapho ubuqotho obuqinile bobudlelwano bubaluleke kakhulu.
Redis
Redis Luhlelo lokuphathwa kwedatha ye-NoSQL oluqondiswe ezakhiweni zenani elibalulekile futhi lugxile kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwememori. Singalucabanga njengo i-vector enkulu lapho kugcinwa khona izintambo, ama-hashe, uhlu kanye nezinye izinhlobo zedathangezikhathi zokuphendula eziphansi kakhulu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko yi- ukugcinwa kwesikhashana kanye nokuphathwa kweseshiniIphinde isetshenziswe ekumisweni komugqa, izinhlelo zemiyalezo ezilula, kanye nezinye izindlela zesivinini esikhulu. Izici zayo ezibaluleke kakhulu zifaka phakathi i-atomicity elungisekayo kanye nokuphikelela, isivinini esiphezulu sokusebenza, ukusebenziseka kalula, kanye nokuhambisana kwezingxenyekazi eziningi.
Ngenxa yokuthi igxile kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngenkumbulo, iRedis akuyona ikhambi elifanele njengoba isizindalwazi esiyinhloko sazo zonke izimo zokusetshenziswaNoma kunjalo, ifanelana kahle kakhulu njengesengezo sezakhiwo zesimanje, ithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu nezeselula.
Cassandra
Apache Cassandra Kungenye imenenja ye-NoSQL eyaziwayo, futhi esekelwe kumodeli yenani elibalulekile, kodwa eqondiswe ezindaweni ingandiswa kakhulu futhi isatshalalisweIzinkampani ezifana ne-Facebook, i-Twitter, i-Instagram, i-Spotify, ne-Netflix zisebenzisa i-Cassandra ukuphatha inani elikhulu ledatha esakazeka ezikhungweni eziningi zedatha.
Inezilimi zayo zokubuza imibuzo, I-CQL (Ulimi Lombuzo lweCassandra)Ifana ngokwe-syntactically ne-SQL kodwa ivumelaniswe nemodeli yayo yangaphakathi. Izinzuzo zayo zifaka phakathi ukuhambisana kwe-cross-platform, ukukala okuqondile nokuvundlile njengoba kungezwa ama-node, ukwakheka kwayo kontanga (ngaphandle kwephuzu elilodwa eliphakathi), kanye nokuqondiswa kwayo ezindaweni ezisakazeke kakhulu.
Lo mklamo wenza kube kuhle kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingakwazi ukukhokhela isikhathi sokuphumula noma ukulahlekelwa ukutholakala kwazoKodwa futhi kudinga ukuqonda okuhle ngemininingwane yayo ukuze kwenziwe imodeli efanele yedatha futhi kutholakale ukusebenza okuphezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, kunezinye eziningi ze-NoSQL DBMS ezisetshenziswa kabanzi, kusukela kudathabheyisi yamagrafu kuya ezitolo ezinkulu zamakholomu, ezimboza izidingo ezithile ekuhlaziyeni, izincomo, amanethiwekhi omphakathi, noma izinjini zokusesha.
Indlela yokukhetha umphathi wedatha ofanele wohlelo lwakho lokusebenza lweselula
Njengoba kunezinketho eziningi kangaka etafuleni, kungokwemvelo ukuzibuza ukuthi ungayikhetha kanjani I-DBMS efanelekile yohlelo lokusebenza oludinga ukuphatha i-SQL kanye/noma i-NoSQL endaweni yeselulaAyikho impendulo eyodwa, kodwa kuneziningana izinto ezibalulekile okufanele zihlolwe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo.
Into yokuqala ukufunda ngokuningiliziwe uhlobo luni lwedatha ozolugcina futhi udinga ukuluphatha kanjani: ukuthi imodeli ihlelekile futhi inobudlelwano noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, iyaguquguquka futhi iyashintsha; ukuthi ubuqotho obuqinile bokuthengiselana buyadingeka noma ukuhambisana ekugcineni kungamukelwa; ukuthi imibuzo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu noma ilula kodwa ivamile.
Kuyisihluthulelo futhi ukwazisa ivolumu yolwazi, uhlobo lwemibuzo, kanye nephethini yokufinyelelaUhlelo lokusebenza lwangaphakathi oluncane olunabasebenzisi abambalwa alufani nesevisi yomhlaba wonke enamadivayisi axhunyiwe ayizigidi. Yilapho kokubili izizindalwazi zendabuko ze-SQL (MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, Oracle, njll.) kanye nezizindalwazi ze-NoSQL (MongoDB, Redis, Cassandra, njll.) zisebenza khona, kanye nezixazululo ezithile zokuvumelanisa kanye nesitoreji sendawo njenge-Couchbase Mobile noma i-SQLite ohlangothini lweklayenti.
Okokugcina, kubalulekile ukucabangela Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezomnotho, ulwazi lweqembu, kanye nokuhamba kanye nezidingo ezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethiNgezinye izikhathi, umkhiqizo ovulekile onomphakathi osebenzayo kakhulu namathuluzi avuthiwe uzoba inketho engcono kakhulu; ngezinye izikhathi, isevisi yebhizinisi ene-99,99% SLA, ukwesekwa okusemthethweni, kanye nezici zokutholakala okuphezulu kanye nokwehluleka kuzoba yinto ebalulekile.
Ukuqonda kahle lezi zici kuvumela inhlanganisela ehlakaniphile yezinhlelo zokuphathwa kwedatha ye-SQL ne-NoSQL, kanye nobuchwepheshe obufana ne-Couchbase Mobile, ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ezinikeza ulwazi olusheshayo, oluthembekile, nolutholakalayo kunoma yisiphi isimo, kusukela embuzweni olula ongaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kuya ekuvumelaniseni izigidi zamaphoyinti edatha phakathi kwamaseva namadivayisi asatshalaliswa emhlabeni jikelele. Yabelana ngalo mhlahlandlela ukuze abantu abaningi bakwazi ukufunda ngalesi sihloko.