Cishe sonke senze into efanayo ngesinye isikhathi: ukushiya amafoni ethu exhunyiwe ubusuku bonke noma ukusebenzisa ishaja esheshayo uma siphuthuma, ngaphandle kokucabanga kakhulu ngokuthi kwenzekani ebhethrini. Bese kuba nokungabaza: Ingabe ukushaja ebusuku noma ukushaja ngokushesha kunciphisa impilo yebhethri? Noma ingabe ingenye yalezo zinganekwane ezazuzwa kumaselula emashumini eminyaka edlule?
Iqiniso liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho elibonakala. Amabhethri e-lithium-ion esimanje ahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi aphephile. Amabhethri angcono kunamamodeli amadala, kodwa asenemikhawulo engokwenyama: ayawohloka uma esetshenziswa, ahlushwa ukushisa, futhi awakhuli kahle uma eshajwa njalo ngo-100% noma ekhishwa ku-0%. Ukuqonda ukuthi ukushaja ubusuku bonke nokushaja okusheshayo kubathinta kanjani kukusiza ukuthi wandise isikhathi sabo sokuphila, kokubili kumaselula nakuma-laptop kanye nasezimotweni zikagesi. (Izinganekwane zebhethri.)
Amabhethri amanje asebenza kanjani futhi kungani ewohloka?
Namuhla, omakhalekhukhwini, ama-laptop, nezimoto zikagesi cishe njalo ziyazisebenzisa. amabhethri e-lithium ionLolu hlobo lwebhethri lunikeza amandla amaningi endaweni encane, lushaja ngokushesha, futhi luhlala isikhathi eside, kodwa lunesizathu esisodwa esibalulekile: Umthamo wayo wehla kancane ngomjikelezo ngamunye wokushaja.
Isibonelo, kuma-laptop asezingeni eliphezulu, njengamamodeli amaningi e-Apple, sikhuluma ngawo cishe imijikelezo eyi-1.000 ngaphambi kokuba impilo yehle ngaphansi kwezinga elibhekwa njengelamukelekayoKumafoni aphathwayo nakwamanye amadivayisi, inani livame ukuba phansi, kodwa umqondo uyafana: ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibhethri ligcina ukushaja okuncane futhi lihlala amahora ambalwa.
Lokhu kwehla komjikelezo kuhlanganiswa nezinye izici ezibalulekile: Ukushisa, ukushaja okusheshayo kakhulu, ukugcina ku-100% amahora amaningi, noma ukukuvumela ukuthi kwehle cishe ku-0%.Konke lokhu akuliphuli ibhethri ngobusuku obubodwa, kodwa kuyasheshisa lokho kuguga okungenakugwenywa.
Ukushaja okusheshayo: kuyini nokuthi kuhilela ziphi izingozi
Empeleni, ishaja esheshayo iyaletha i-voltage eyengeziwe, i-amperage eyengeziwe, noma kokubili uma kuqhathaniswa neshaja ejwayelekile. Nakuba ishaja yakudala ingasebenza, isibonelo, ku-5V kanye no-1A (5W), ishaja esheshayo ingakhuphukela ku- I-9V kanye ne-2A, 5V kanye ne-3A noma izilinganiso zamandla ze-18W, 30W, 65W noma ngaphezuluEzimotweni zikagesi, amashaja asheshayo aqondile (DC) afinyelela kalula amashumi noma amakhulu kW, ashaja afinyelela ku-80% ngemizuzu engama-20-40.
Induduzo isobala: Isikhathi esincane sixhunyiwe futhi isikhathi esiningi sisebenzisa idivayisiKodwa lelo jubane liza ngentengo: ukupakisha amandla amaningi kangaka ngesikhathi esifushane kangaka, ibhethri libhekana nokucindezeleka okukhulu, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, izinga lokushisa langaphakathi liyakhuphuka, esinye sezitha ezinkulu ze-lithium.
Isayensi ithini ngokushaja okusheshayo kanye nokuwohloka?
Ucwaningo lwezemfundo luhlaziye ngqo Ukushaja okusheshayo kuthinta kanjani ama-electrode ebhethri?Ucwaningo oluvela ePurdue University lwasungula indlela yokuskena izinkulungwane zezinhlayiya ngaphakathi kwe-electrode yebhethri ngesikhathi esisodwa, lubona ukuthi imifantu kanye nomonakalo kwakheka kanjani lapho kusetshenziswa.
Imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi, phakathi nenkathi yemijikelezo, Wonke amabhethri alimala ngaphakathikungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinto zisakazwa kanjani. Kodwa-ke, kwaphawulwa ukuthi Ukuwohloka kuba kubi kakhulu uma kusetshenziswa ama-electrode ajiyile futhi ngaphansi kwezimo zokushaja okusheshayo.Ngamanye amazwi, ukushayela ngesivinini esigcwele kusheshisa izinqubo zokuguguleka ezingeni elincane kakhulu.
Lesi siphetho asigcini nje ngokuthinta omakhalekhukhwini nama-laptop. Amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi nawo athintwa ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kokushaja okusheshayoImibiko evela ezinkampanini ze-telematics ezigxile ekuphathweni kwemikhumbi ithole ukuthi ukushaja njalo eziteshini zokushaja ze-DC ezisheshayo kuvame ukuguga amabhethri ngokushesha kunokushaja kwe-AC okuhamba kancane noma okushesha kancane (okujwayelekile kokushaja ekhaya noma emsebenzini). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko ye amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi Isimo siyashintsha, yize isimiso sokushisa sisasebenza.
Incazelo ilula: Ukushaja okusheshayo kuhilela imisinga ephezulu kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu.Ngisho nangezinhlelo zokupholisa eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokuphathwa kwe-elekthronikhi, ukuphinda lesi simo ngokuphindaphindiwe ekugcineni kuyalimaza, kunciphisa amandla kanye nokuzimela esikhathini esiphakathi neside.
Ingabe ukushaja okusheshayo kuhlala kunciphisa impilo yebhethri?
Nakuba izifundo zelabhorethri zibonisa ukuthi ukucindezeleka nokushisa kokushaja okusheshayo kwandisa ukuwohloka, Ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, indaba iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.Ukuhlolwa okuthakazelisayo, okwenziwe yisiteshi sobuchwepheshe esaziwayo, kuqhathaniswe ukuziphatha kwamafoni angu-40 (i-iPhone ne-Android) asebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokushaja ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Kulolu vivinyo, eziningana Amamodeli e-iPhone 12 ne-Android ngamaqembu ashaja ngokushesha, ashaja kancane, futhi ashaja ingxenye (ukugcina ibhethri liphakathi kuka-30% no-80%). Ucingo ngalunye lwalubhekene nobunzima Imijikelezo engu-500 yokulayisha nokulayisha ngokuzenzakalelayo, elawulwa uhlelo oluklanyelwe ngqo ukuhlolwa.
Imiphumela yayithakazelisa: Umehluko phakathi kokushaja okusheshayo nokushaja kancane wawumncane kakhulu.Endabeni yama-iPhone, amabhethri ashajwayo alahlekelwa kancane kancane cishe ngu-11,8% womthamo wawo, kanti lawo ashajwayo alahlekelwa ngokushesha cishe ngu-12,3%. Okuphambene nalokho kwenzeke nge-Android: Amabhethri abhekene nokushaja okusheshayo ehle ngo-0,3% ngaphansi, ngokwesilinganiso kunalawo ashajwa kancane, umehluko ongabonakali cishe esikhathini sonyaka nesigamu sokusetshenziswa.
Ukuhlolwa okufanayo kuqinisekisile ukuthi Ukugcina ibhethri lisesilinganisweni esimaphakathi (cishe u-30%-80%) kunciphisa ukuguguleka kancane.yize inzuzo nayo ingeyona emangalisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaphawulwa ukuthi Ukushiya ifoni yakho ixhunyiwe ku-100% akudali umonakalo osheshayoNgenxa yezinhlelo zokuphatha zangaphakathi, ukuwohloka akuvamile ukwenza ifoni ihambe kancane, yize kunciphisa impilo yebhethri futhi kungabangela ukuvalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi lapho impilo yehla ngaphansi kuka-80-85%.
Okwamanje, abakhiqizi ababheja ngamandla amakhulu, njengezinhlelo ze- Ukushaja okungafika ku-240W kwamadivayisi eselulaBafaka ubuchwepheshe babo bokuvikela. Abanye bathembisa izibalo ezifana imijikelezo eyi-1.600 ngaphambi kokwehla ngaphansi kuka-80% womthamoNakuba, ngokunengqondo, le datha itholakala ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwa kakhulu.
Ukuhlanganisa ubufakazi belebhu kanye nalezi zivivinyo ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela, kungashiwo ukuthi Ukushaja okusheshayo, uma kusetshenziswa kahle futhi kunamashaja asezingeni eliphezulu, akulimazi kakhulu ibhethri.Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuyasiza ekugugeni okukhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswa namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Ukushaja ebusuku: ingabe kubi njengoba besho?
Omunye umbuzo omkhulu ukuthi ngabe shiya ifoni yakho ishaja ubusuku bonke Kungumqondo omubi kakhulu. Sekuyiminyaka kuthiwa lokhu kuyalimaza ibhethri, kuyayishaja ngokweqile, noma kungabangela ngisho nezingozi ezinkulu, ngokwengxenye ngenxa yefa lamabhethri amadala e-nickel ane-"memory effect".
Kumafoni anamuhla, isimo sihlukile. Wonke ama-smartphone amanje afaka uhlelo lokuphatha ibhethri (i-BMS) okusebenza "njengobuchopho" benqubo yokushaja. Le circuit ivikela ekugcwaleni ngokweqile, ama-short circuit, kanye nama-voltage ayingozi. Uma ifoni ifinyelela ku-100%, I-BMS inqamula noma ilawula ukufakwa kwamandla ukuze ibhethri lingaqhubeki nokuthola ukushaja okuqondile.Ngamanye amazwi, akufani nezinsuku zakudala lapho ishaja yayilokhu ikhipha amandla ngokungalawuleki. Uma ufuna amathiphu awusizo okuthi ungayikhipha kanjani i-plug futhi wandise isikhathi sayo sokuphila, landela lokhu. umhlahlandlela wokwandisa impilo yebhethri lakho.
Imikhiqizo efana ne-Samsung isho ngokusobala ukuthi Kulungile ukushiya ifoni yakho ixhunyiwe ubusuku bonkeNgoba uma ibhethri seligcwele, ishaja iyayeka ukudlulisa amandla ngendlela engayilimaza. I-Apple ihambe ibanga elide kakhulu nge- umthwalo olungiselelweokuhlaziya imikhuba yakho yokusebenzisa: isibonelo, uma uvame ukuvuka ngo-7 ekuseni, i-iPhone ima cishe ngo-80% bese iqeda u-20% osele ngaphambi nje kokuthatha ifoni. Ungakwenza lokhu naku-Android. lungiselela izexwayiso zokulayisha ngokuziphatha okufanayo.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona i-nuance ebalulekile: Ukushaja ebusuku kukhiqiza ama-microcycle kanye nokushisa okuthileUma ifoni ishajwe ngokugcwele, iyaqhubeka nokwenza imisebenzi yangemuva (izaziso, izibuyekezo, izinqubo zesistimu). Le misebenzi idla iphesenti elincane lebhethri, eligcwaliswa yishaja. Le nqubo yokwehla njalo kusuka ku-100% kuya ku-99% bese ibuya futhi ingaphindwa izikhathi eziningi ngobusuku obubodwa.
Isamba salokhu Ama-microcycle kancane kancane anegalelo ekugugeni nasekudabukeni.Futhi uma ifoni isendaweni ethambile evimbela ukungena komoya (umatrasi, umcamelo, isofa), izinga lokushisa lingakhuphuka. Ngeke ngempela ubone ifoni ishisa, kodwa Lokho kushisa okuqhubekayo kusheshisa ukuwohloka kwamakhemikhali angaphakathi..
Ngakho-ke, yize izinhlelo zesimanje zivimbela umonakalo ongazelelwe ngenxa yokugcwala ngokweqile, Akuyona into engcono kakhulu ukuthi ifoni yakho isebenze ngo-100% njalo ebusuku amahora amaningi endaweni eshisayo.Ngeke iqhumise ibhethri noma yini efana naleyo, kodwa ngokuhamba kwezinyanga neminyaka ingase inciphise isikhathi sayo sokuphila ngandlela thile.
Ukushaja okusheshayo nobusuku bonke ezimotweni zikagesi
Endabeni yezimoto zikagesi, impikiswano ifana kakhulu, kodwa inebhethri elikhulu kakhulu nelibiza kakhulu. Ukushaja okusheshayo ezindaweni zokushaja zomphakathi Ikuvumela ukuthi uthole ingxenye enkulu yokuzimela ngemizuzu engama-20-40, ngokuvamile ushaja kufika ku-80% ukuze ungalicindezeli kakhulu uhlelo.
Lolu khetho lufanelekile Uhambo olude, izimo eziphuthumayo, noma lapho udinga ukuhamba ngokusheshaKodwa-ke, ayiklanyelwe ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke njengendlela eyinhloko yokushaja. Ukusebenzisa njalo amazinga aphezulu kakhulu amandla kwandisa izinga lokushisa lebhethri futhi kusheshise ukuguga kwalo.
Abakhiqizi bavame ukuncoma Sebenzisa ukushaja okuhamba kancane noma okushesha kancane, kungcono ekhaya noma emsebenziniukugcina ibhethri liphakathi kuka-20% no-80% noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Ukushaja okusheshayo kugcinelwe njengomthombo wemicimbi ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimoto eziningi zivumela setha imikhawulo yomthwalo (isibonelo, ukuma ku-80%), okunciphisa isikhathi uma i-voltage ephezulu futhi kusiza ekunakekeleni ibhethri.
Ngokuphathelene nokushaja imoto ebusuku ekhaya, ngokuyixhuma endaweni enamandla aphansi amahora amaningana, Ngokuvamile kuyindlela enempilo neyongayo yokuyisebenzisa nsuku zonke.Ukuhlela ukuthi ukushaja kuphele ngaphambi nje kokushiya imoto, esikhundleni sokuyishiya isesimweni esiphelele esingu-100% ubusuku bonke, kungcono kakhulu ukuze uhlale isikhathi eside.
Indima yabadayisi nabalungisi bezinto ezintsha
Kulabo abathengisa amafoni asetshenzisiwe noma avuselelweUkuqonda ukuthi ukushaja okusheshayo nokushaja ubusuku bonke kuthinta kanjani impilo yebhethri akuyona into encane: kuyisici esibalulekile enanini lomkhiqizo.
Ngaphambi kokuthengisa kabusha idivayisi, kunconywa kakhulu hlola isimo sebhethri: imijikelezo yokushaja, umthamo wamanje uma uqhathaniswa nemininingwane yefektri, kanye nokuziphatha kokushaja. Amathuluzi ochwepheshe kanye nezinsizakalo zokuqinisekisa kuvumela ukukhishwa kwedatha. imibiko yempilo yebhethri ezidala ukwethembana futhi ezisiza ekuchazeni kangcono intengo.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuhambisana ne-terminal amashaja ekhwalithi aqinisekisiweIyahambisana nesistimu yokushaja okusheshayo yedivayisi. Imikhiqizo eyaziwayo kanye nezesekeli eziqinisekisiwe (njengeziqinisekiswe yi-MFi ku-Apple ecosystem) zinezisekethe zokuphepha zokulawula i-voltage, i-current, kanye nezinga lokushisa. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuhambisana noma izinkinga zokushaja, bheka ukuthi kanjani esebenza ngeshaja engayiboni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthengisi onolwazi anganikeza inani elengeziwe ngokuletha umhlahlandlela omfushane wemikhuba emihle yokushaja Eceleni kwefoni yakho: kunini lapho kunengqondo ukusebenzisa ukushaja okusheshayo, lapho kungcono ukusebenzisa ukushaja okuhamba kancane (njengasebusuku), nokuthi kungani kungewona umqondo omuhle ukushiya ifoni yakho ishaja ngaphansi komcamelo noma ngamashaja ashibhile futhi angabazekayo.
Amaphutha avamile afinyeza impilo yebhethri
Nakuba izinhlelo zokuvikela sezithuthuke kakhulu namuhla, kunemikhuba ethile evame ukubangelwa yilokhu. Zihlala ziyingozi kakhulu ebhethrini isikhathi esideFuthi kubalulekile ukuzazi ukuze uzigweme.
Esokuqala ukuthi shaja ifoni yakho ephathekayo ezindaweni zokuvikela ukushisa kanye nezindawo ezithambilenjengombhede, usofa, noma ngaphansi komcamelo. Lezi zindawo zivimbela ukushajwa kokushisa futhi zingabangela ukuthi idivayisi ishise ngokweqile ngesikhathi ishaja, okubaluleke kakhulu uma usebenzisa ukushaja okungenantambo okusheshayo noma okunamandla aphezulu.
Elinye iphutha elivamile usebenzisa amashaja mbumbulu, ashibhile kakhulu, noma onakeleNgokuvamile azinazo iziteshi zokuvikela ezithuthukisiwe, zingaletha ugesi ongazinzile, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, zingabangela ukushisa ngokweqile, umonakalo embobeni yokushaja, noma ngisho nezingozi zomlilo. Ishaja yethebhulethi enamandla kakhulu, isibonelo, ingase ingafaneleki kufoni ephathekayo eyenzelwe amazinga amandla aphansi kakhulu.
Ekugcineni, ukuchitha imisebenzi yokushaja ehlakaniphile noma elungiselelwe kahle efakwa omakhalekhukhwini abaningi njengejwayelekile Lokhu futhi kuyiphutha elivamile. Lezi zici zenzelwe ukunciphisa isikhathi ibhethri elisichitha ngo-100% nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamandla aphezulu ngesikhathi sokulala. Ukungazisebenzisi kusho ukuphuthelwa enye yezindlela ezilula zokunakekela ibhethri lakho kalula.
Izindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokushaja ngaphandle kokunciphisa (okuningi kakhulu) isikhathi sokuphila
Ngazo zonke lezi zinto ezingenhla, kulula ukucabanga ukuthi kufanele uhlale umatasa ngebhethri, kodwa akudingekile. Imikhuba embalwa enengqondo yenza umehluko omkhulu kunokugxila kakhulu kumaphesenti onke..
- Noma nini lapho ungakwazi, Zama ukugcina ibhethri liphakathi kuka-20% no-80%.Kulungile ukushaja kufike ku-100% ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa ukugwema ukweqisa (okungaguquki okungu-0% no-100%) kunciphisa ukucindezeleka.
- Usa imithwalo emifushane nevamile phakathi nosuku Esikhundleni se-marathon ende lapho uhlala u-100% khona, izikhawu zemizuzu engama-30-60 zivame ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ekuqeqeshweni kwansuku zonke. Hlola imikhuba yakho yokuqeqesha kanye nokuvama kwayo kulesi sihloko mayelana Uyikhokhisa kangaki ngosuku?.
- Bhukha i- Ukushaja okusheshayo uma ukudinga ngempela: ukuhamba, ukushesha, ibhethri eliphansi kakhulu. Uma uzoshaja ifoni yakho ubusuku bonke ingasetshenziswanga, ukusethwa kwamandla aphansi kwanele.
- Uma ushaja, qiniseka ukuthi idivayisi iyasebenza endaweni eqinile, eqinile futhi enomoya omuhleUma ubona ukuthi kushisa kakhulu, ukususa isikhwama kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukushisa kangcono.
- Yenza kusebenze i- izinketho zokushaja ezilungiselelwe noma ezihlakaniphile kusuka kufoni yakho ephathekayo, futhi uma kwenzeka ezimotweni zikagesi, lungisa imikhawulo yokushaja yokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke (isibonelo, kufika ku-80%).
- tshala imali amashaja nezintambo ezivela kubakhiqizi abathembekileOkungcono kakhulu, ishaja kufanele ibe nesitifiketi noma ivunyelwe. Ikhwalithi yeshaja ibaluleke kakhulu kunokuthi iyashesha noma ihamba kancane.
- Gwema, ngangokunokwenzeka, ukulanda kuqedela kufika ku-0%ngoba ukuphuma okujulile nakho kubeka amangqamuzana ekucindezelekeni okukhulu.
Kumaselula esimanje kakhulu, abakhiqizi bafake nezinhlelo ezisebenzisa Zinciphisa isivinini sokulayisha ngemva kwephesenti elithile., ngokuvamile cishe u-80%, ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela ebhethrini. Ukuhlanganisa lezi zivikelo nemikhuba emihle kwanele ukujabulela idivayisi ngokuthula kwengqondo.
Ezinye izici okufanele zicatshangelwe
Ngokuphathelene namandla, kunesinye isici okufanele sicatshangelwe: Ukushiya ishaja ixhunyiwe unomphela, noma ngabe iselula noma cha, kudala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla amancane kwe-phantom.Akuyona imali enkulu, kodwa inganda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngamadivayisi amaningi. Ukusebenzisa ama-smart power strips noma ama-plug anqamula amandla lapho ukushaja sekuqediwe kusiza ukonga ebhilini lakho futhi kuvimbele ibhethri lakho ukuthi lixhunywe ngokungadingekile amahora amaningi.
Uma ubuchwepheshe besimanje (ukushaja okulungiselelwe, ukulawula ukushisa, izinqubo ezivikelekile) kuhlanganiswa nomqondo ojwayelekile lapho kushajwa, Kungenzeka ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa ukushaja okusheshayo nokushaja ubusuku bonke ngaphandle kokulimaza ibhethri.Isihluthulelo asigcini nje ngokucabanga kakhulu ngephesenti ngalinye kodwa sigwema ukushisa okungadingekile, izesekeli ezisezingeni eliphansi, kanye nemikhuba emibi esheshisa ukuguga kwamakhemikhali. Yabelana ngalolu lwazi ukuze abasebenzisi abaningi bazi ngezingozi zokushaja ngokushesha nangobusuku bonke omakhalekhukhwini babo.