Lapho uqala ukwenza izithombe zangaphakathiKungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenxa yebhulogi yakho, iphrofayela yakho ye-Instagram, noma ukubonisa ikhaya lakho esikhangisweni sokuthengisa noma sokuqasha, uthola ngokushesha ukuthi akulula njengoba kwakubonakala. Ukukhanya kuyivelakancane, amakamelo aphikisiwe, umsindo wonakalisa izithombe, futhi ngokuvamile umphumela awufani nalokho okubonayo ngamehlo akho.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngenhlanganisela ye ukuhlela, ukulungiswa kwekhamera ethile kanye ukuhlela okuthile Ungafinyelela izithombe ezibukhali, ezikhanyayo, nezingokoqobo kakhulu ngaphandle kokuba ngumthwebuli wezithombe ochwepheshe. Ngezansi uzothola umhlahlandlela ophelele, wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo wokuthuthukisa izithombe zakho zangaphakathi ngokulungiswa okuthile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uthwebula izithombe zamakhaya noma umndeni wakho ekhaya.
Ngaphambi kokudubula: lungiselela indawo kanye nokukhanya
Ngaphambi kokuthinta noma iyiphi inkinobho yekhamera, kubalulekile ukuthi uyithinte lungiselela lokho ozokuthatha isithombeIzinkinga eziningi ngezithombe zangaphakathi azixazululwa ngokuhlela, kodwa ngokuhlela kahle indawo nokukhetha isikhathi esifanele.
Funa izinkomba kanye nemibono
Ukuthatha imizuzu embalwa ukuthola ugqozi kungenza umehluko omkhulu endleleni Ubhala futhi uhlele izithombe zakhoBheka omagazini bokuhlobisa, ama-akhawunti e-Instagram okuklama ingaphakathi, izinhlelo zemfashini, noma ngisho nezithombe zokudla kanye nezithombe zokuphila; qaphela indlela ukukhanya okungena ngayo, ukuthi imiphi imibala ebusayo, ukuthi izakhi zisatshalaliswa kanjani, nokuthi isithombe sithathwe ngakuphi.
Ungabheki nje izithombe zezindlu, ngoba izikhathi eziningi ukukhanya kweseshini yesithombe noma yokudla Kungakunikeza imibono yokuthi ungadlala kanjani ngezithunzi ezithambile, ukuzindla, noma amaphuzu athakazelisayo. Bhala phansi noma ugcine izithombe ozithandayo ukuze ube nomhlahlandlela omncane obonakalayo lapho ulungiselela izigcawu zakho.
Ukuhleleka, ukuhlanzeka kanye nokususwa kweziphazamiso
Igumbi elingcolile eligcwele udoti obonakalayo cishe njalo lihunyushwa libe izithombe eziphithizelayo ezineziphazamiso eziyinkulungwaneNgaphambi kokukhipha ikhamera, zinike isikhathi sokuhlanza izindawo, uqoqe izingubo, izintambo, amathoyizi nanoma yini enye engangezi lutho esithombeni.
Kungcono, imizuzu embalwa, igumbi kufanele libe elincane kakhulu kunokujwayelekile: susa izinto eziphazamisa isikhala bese ushiya kuphela lezo ezingeza okuthile emoyeni. Ngale ndlela uzogwema ukuphoqeleka shintsha bese ususa izinto ezicasulayo ekuhleleniokuhlala kuhamba kancane futhi akuzizwa kungokwemvelo njengokukwenza kusukela ekuqaleni.
Engeza ukuthinta okuncane kokuphila
Kuyinto eyodwa ukususa okungadingekile, futhi kuyinto ehlukile kakhulu ukuthi indlu ibukeke njengefulethi lombukiso elingenamphefumulo. Izithombe zangaphakathi zisebenza kahle kakhulu uma zifaka... imininingwane ekhomba ukuthi indawo isetshenziswa futhi ihlalwa kuyo: inkomishi yekhofi eduze kwencwadi evuliwe, ingubo egobile kancane kusofa, amaslippers eduze kwekhaphethi, noma ithileyi lamakhukhi etafuleni lasekhishini.
Ngisho nokungcola okuncane okulawulwayo, njengombhede ongalungiswanga kahle noma idrowa elivulekile kancane, kungaba nomthelela umuzwa wekhaya nokusondelanaIsihluthulelo ukwenza kubukeke kungokwemvelo futhi kungabi yisiphithiphithi; cabanga kakhulu ngesimo sikamagazini kunosuku oluthinta inhliziyo.
Hlela isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sosuku
Ukukhanya kwemvelo cishe njalo umngane omuhle kakhulu wokuthatha izithombe zangaphakathi. Vakashela indlu ngezikhathi ezahlukene zosuku Futhi bheka indlela ukukhanya okungena ngayo ngamafasitela: amanye amakamelo abukeka kangcono ekuseni, amanye ekushoneni kwelanga, kanti amanye uma kunefu ngoba umehluko uyathamba.
Zama ukugwema ukusebenzisa i-flash eqondile yekhamera, njengoba ikhiqiza izithunzi ezinzima, izindawo ezivelele ezimbi, futhi kwenza indawo ibe busheleleziOkungcono kakhulu, kufanele usebenze ngokukhanya kwemvelo futhi, uma kudingeka, ukwengeze ngezibani noma izibani ezithambile eziqhubekayo, uqinisekise ukuthi yonke imithombo yokukhanya inokushisa kombala okufanayo ukuze ugweme ukuxuba imibala engavamile.
Imishini eyisisekelo nezilungiselelo ezinconywayo
Ukuze uthuthukise izithombe zakho zangaphakathi ngokulungiswa okuthile, kungcono ukuqala ngemishini eguquguqukayo ngokufanele, yize ungadingi yakamuva nengcono kakhulu. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi yazi ukulinganiselwa kwekhamera yakho futhi ufunde ukwenza kanjalo sebenzisa imodi yobungcweti bese ulungisa amapharamitha ngokuya ngohlobo lwesigcawu.
Ikhamera namalensi: yini ekufanele kakhulu
Okungcono kakhulu, ukuze uthole izithombe zangaphakathi, kufanele ube nesithombe ikhamera enamalensi angashintshaniswayoKungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhamera ye-DSLR noma engenazibuko, uzodinga amalensi ambalwa anikeza ukuguquguquka. Ilensi ene-engeli ebanzi (isibonelo, engu-10-20mm ku-APS-C noma engu-16-24mm kufreyimu egcwele) ibaluleke kakhulu ekuthwebuleni amakamelo aphelele ngaphandle kokuma ngqo odongeni.
Uma ungenayo ilensi ebanzi ezinikele, sebenzisa ubude obufushane kakhulu be-zoom Khetha ubude be-focal onayo (isibonelo, u-18mm ku-lens engu-18-55mm), ukhumbula ukuthi uma i-engeli ibanzi, imigqa ethambekele kakhulu ekuphendukeni uma utshekisa ikhamera kakhulu. Kuma-portraits omndeni angaphakathi, ilensi esheshayo njenge-35mm noma i-50mm ene-aperture ebanzi ingaba usizo kakhulu ekusebenziseni kahle ukukhanya okuphansi.
I-Tripod kanye nokudubula okukude: abalingani bakho abakhulu
Ngaphakathi endlini cishe uzohlala usebenza nayo isivinini esiphansi sokuvalaIkakhulukazi uma ufuna ukusebenzisa izimbobo ezincane ukwandisa ukujula kwensimu kanye ne-ISO ephansi ukuze ugweme umsindo. Lokhu kwenza i-tripod isuke ekubeni yinto yokuzikhethela ibe yinto ebalulekile.
Ukufaka ikhamera yakho ku-tripod eqinile kukuvumela ukuthi uthathe izithombe ezibukhali ngesivinini se-1/8 s, 1/4 s, noma ngisho nesivinini se-shutter esisheshayo ngaphandle kokushukunyiswa yikhamera. Uma usebenzisa ne-self-timer yamasekhondi amabili noma i-remote shutter release, Uyakugwema ukudlidliza okwenzeka uma ucindezela inkinobhoEzindaweni zangaphakathi ezingashintshi (amakamelo okuhlala, amakhishi, amakamelo okulala) cishe kuyimpoqo uma ufuna ikhwalithi ephezulu.
Thatha isithombe ku-RAW ukuze ube negumbi lokuhlela
Ngaphakathi, ikakhulukazi lapho kuhlanganiswa izibani noma kukhona amafasitela akhanya kakhulu, kubalulekile ukudubula ngaphakathi Ifomethi ye-RAW esikhundleni se-JPG kuphelaAmafayela e-RAW agcina ulwazi oluningi mayelana nokugqama kanye nezithunzi, futhi akunikeza ithuba lokulungisa ukuvezwa, ibhalansi emhlophe, kanye nokuqhathanisa ngaphandle kokuthi isithombe sonakale ngokushesha.
Uma ikhamera yakho ikuvumela, ungayilungiselela ukuthi ithwebule i-RAW+JPG uma ufuna ukuba nenguqulo esheshayo yokwabelana ngayo kanye nenye nalo lonke ulwazi olulungele ukuhlelwa kahleNgale ndlela ungabuyisa izindawo ezibonakala kakhulu eduze kwamafasitela noma ukhanyise izithunzi ngaphandle kokubonakala komsindo ocacile.
Ngesikhathi sokuthwebula: ukufometha, ukuphakama, kanye nezilungiselelo zokuvezwa
Njengoba indawo ihlelwe futhi iqembu selilungile, sekuyisikhathi sokunquma. Uyibeka kanjani ikhamera futhi usebenzisa ziphi izilinganiso?Yilapho umehluko omkhulu wenziwa khona phakathi kwesithombe esivamile nesithombe esibonisa ububanzi, ukuhleleka, kanye nokukhanya okuhle.
Ukuphakama kwekhamera okufanele ukugwema ukuphambuka
Ezithombeni zangaphakathi, ukuphakama obeka kukho ikhamera kuthonya kakhulu indlela ozibona ngayo izilinganiso zegumbi. Indawo enhle yokubhekisela yezithombe ezibanzi ukuyibeka... cishe ezingeni lenkabaKuleyo ntaba ephakeme, ukwakheka okuqondile kwezindonga nefenisha kuyancishiswa.
Zama futhi ukugcina ikhamera isezingeni eliphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka, ugweme ukuyitshekisa kakhulu phezulu noma phansi. Lapho uyitshekisa kakhulu, kulapho imigqa eqondile ijika khona noma ihlangana khona. Uma ungakwazi ukuthwebula lonke igumbi, khetha Thatha izithombe eziningana zezindawo ezahlukene noma ugxile emininingwaneni esikhundleni sokuphoqa i-engeli engenakwenzeka.
Ukudlala ngemibono kanye nohlaka
Nakuba kungcono ukusebenzisa umbono wemvelo ukuze ubonise igumbi lonke, kwezinye izimo ungasebenzisa ithuba ukuhlukahluka kombono Ukuze senze indawo ikhange kakhulu. Ezithombeni eziseduze, ukugoba kancane noma ukusondela ekuphakameni kwetafula noma umbhede kungagcizelela ukwakheka nezinto zokwakha.
Izithombe ezithathwe ngaphezulu (ezithathwe phezulu) zisebenza kahle kakhulu ematafuleni, emadeskini, noma emibhedeni, njalo uqaphela ukuthi Imigqa eyinhloko kufanele iqonde futhi ihlanzeke.Ungesabi ukuthatha izithombe eziningana ngezindlela ezahlukene bese ugcina kuphela lezo ezilandisa indaba yaleyo ndawo ngempela.
Imbobo, isivinini se-shutter kanye nezilungiselelo ze-ISO zezigcawu zangaphakathi ezingashintshi
Uma uthwebula izithombe zamakamelo, amakhishi, noma izindlu zangasese lapho kungekho lutho olunyakazisa kakhulu khona, into eza kuqala kuwe ngokuvamile finyelela ubukhali obukhulu kuyo yonke indawoNgenxa yalokhu, kuvamile ukusebenza ngezimbobo ezivaliwe, cishe ku-f/8 – f/11, ezinikeza ukujula okuhle kwensimu futhi, kumalensi amaningi, ikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu yokukhanya.
Ukuvala imbobo kuvumela ukukhanya okuncane, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ukhokhele isivinini se-shutter esihamba kancane kanye ne-ISO ephansi (100-320) uma ufuna ukugcina umsindo uphansi. Yilapho i-tripod iba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu khona: uzokwazi ukudubula ngesivinini esisheshayo se-shutter ngaphandle kokushukumisa ikhamera bese uthwebula imininingwane kokubili ngaphambili nangemuva.
Izilungiselelo zezithombe zomndeni zangaphakathi nezeqembu
Uma ushintsha usuka emakamelweni okuthwebula izithombe uye ekuthwebuleni abantu ngaphakathi endlini, izinto ziyashintsha. Awusakwazi ukuthwebula ku-1/8 s ngoba Izingane ziyanyakaza, abantu bayacwayiza, bese kuba nokufiphala.Kulezi zimo, kuyalulekwa ukuthi isivinini se-shutter sibeke phambili.
Kwabantwana abancane kanye nezigcawu ezinokunyakaza okulinganiselwe, zama ukuqala kusukela okungenani i-1/125 noma i-1/160 sUma zihambahamba kakhulu, khulisa isivinini se-shutter sibe ngu-1/250 noma ngaphezulu. Ngokuphathelene ne-aperture, awudingi ukuyivala njengoba ubungenza ezithombeni zamakamelo: i-f/4 noma i-f/5.6 imvamisa iyisivumelwano esihle sokugxila amalungu amaningana eqembu ngaphandle kokukuphoqa ukuthi uphakamise i-ISO ibe yi-infinity.
Kuvamile ukuthi, noma kunjalo, i-ISO izokhuphukela kumanani afana no-3200, 4000, noma ngisho no-6400, ikakhulukazi ekukhanyeni okuphansi. Yilapho ukusebenza kwekhamera yakho kusebenza khona: amakhamera amaningi esimanje aphatha Ama-ISO aphezulu anomsindo olawuleka kahleUma isikhathi sibalulekile, kungcono ukwamukela umsindo othile kunesithombe esifiphele noma esingacacile nhlobo.
Kufanele usebenzise nini i-flash endlini nabantu?
Ukuze sithathe izithombe zamakamelo kanye nemihlobiso, sizozama ukugwema ukukhanya okuqondile noma nini lapho kungenzeka. Kodwa-ke, ku izithombe zeqembu noma zomndeni endlini I-Flash ingaba cishe ukuphela kwendlela lapho ukukhanya okutholakalayo kukubi kakhulu.
Uma ukhetha ukuyisebenzisa, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi usebenzise i-flash yangaphandle bese uphonsa ukukhanya ophahleni noma odongeni olunombala okhanyayo. Lokhu kuzokunikeza ukukhanya okungcono. ithambile kakhulu futhi imvelo kakhuluukunciphisa izithunzi ezinzima kanye nokugqama. Lungisa amandla e-flash ukuze ahambisane nokukhanya okuzungezile ngaphandle kokukususa ngokuphelele, ukuze indawo igcine ukubukeka okukholekayo nokuqondile.
Ukulawula ukukhanya nombala ezithombeni zangaphakathi
Enye yezinselele ezinkulu zokuthwebula izithombe zangaphakathi ukubhekana ukungafani okunamandla kanye nezingxube zokushisa kombalaAmafasitela akhanya kakhulu, izibani ezifudumele, kanye nezindawo ezinombala kudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela kokubili ekukhanyeni nasekulungiseni ibhalansi emhlophe.
Ukukhanya kwemvelo, ukukhanya okwenziwe, noma ingxube yakho kokubili
Nquma ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukuthi ufuna yini ukusekela umsebenzi wakho ngokuyinhloko ukukhanya kwemvelo, ukukhanya okwenziwe, noma inhlanganiselaUma amandla egumbi etholakala ekukhanyeni kwalo kwemvelo okuningi, kunengqondo ukucima izibani bese usebenza kuphela ngokukhanya okuphuma emafasiteleni, ulungise ukukhanya ukuze kusetshenziswe leyo ndawo ehlanzekile.
Uma igumbi limnyama, kungaba ngumqondo omuhle ukukhanyisa izibani ezithile, futhi uma unezibani ezikhanyayo noma amaphaneli e-LED, zisebenzise njengezibani ezengeziwe. ukuqondisa ukunaka ezindaweni ezithileNoma kunjalo, zama ukugwema ukuxuba izibani namazinga okushisa ahlukene kakhulu (isibonelo, ifasitela elipholile elinesibani esiphuzi kakhulu) noma ucabange ukuthi kuzodingeka ulilungise ngokucophelela kamuva ekuhleleni.
Lungisa ibhalansi emhlophe kanye nokushisa kombala
Ngisho noma uthwebula ngemodi ezenzakalelayo, ikhamera yakho ingadideka kalula ngaphakathi endlini futhi ikhiqize izithombe eziphuzi kakhulu noma ezibandayo kakhulu. Unganqikazi ukushintsha ibhalansi emhlophe ibe yimodi efaneleke kakhulu (i-tungsten, umthunzi, amafu) noma ngisho nokuyikhiya. izinga lokushisa lombala elithile ku-Kelvin uma ikhamera yakho ivuma.
Kamuva, ngesikhathi sokucubungula ifayela le-RAW, ungalungisa ngokunembile izinga lokushisa kanye nombala ukuze wenze izindonga ezimhlophe zibe mhlophe ngempela noma ukunikeza isimo esifudumele ekamelweni lomntwanaIsibonelo, ukulungiswa okuncane kwebhalansi emhlophe kungashintsha ngokuphelele umuzwa odluliselwa yigumbi.
Gwema futhi ulungise ukuzindla okungafuneki bese ukhanya
Amakhishi nezindlu zangasese zigcwele izindawo ezikhanyayo: ama-countertop emabula, amathayela acwebezelayo, ama-faucet e-chrome, izibuko… Uma uthwebula nge-flash yangaphambili noma ngokukhanya okuqondile, cishe kuzovela ukukhanya. izinto ezishisayo ezicasulayo kakhuluYingakho ngokuvamile kungcono ukusebenza ngokukhanya okuseceleni noma okubhampayo kwemvelo bese unaka i-engeli lapho uhlela khona isithombe.
Uma ukuzindla okungafuneki kusabonakala, ungazama izinguquko ezincane endaweni noma embonweni kuze kube yilapho zinyamalala. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhambisa ikhamera amasentimitha ambalwa ohlangothini olulodwa kwanele ukususa ukukhanya okonakalisa isithombe.
Amasu athuthukile: ukuhlanganisa izithombe nokulungisa ukuhlanekezela
Ngisho noma wenza konke kahle esithombeni, kunezinkinga ezimbili ezivame kakhulu ezithombeni zangaphakathi: ingaphandle libonakala ligcwele kakhulu uma libukwa ngefasitela, kanye izindonga nefenisha kuphuma kugobile noma kukhubazekileKokubili kungathuthukiswa kakhulu ngokuhlela ngamasu athile.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwezibambiso kanye nombukiso
Uma kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kokukhanya kwangaphandle nangaphakathi, uma uveza ukukhanya ngaphakathi, umbono ngefasitela uzobonakala umhlophe ngokuphelele; uma uveza ukukhanya ngaphandle, ukukhanya ngaphakathi kuzobonakala kumnyama kakhulu. Isixazululo... izithombe eziningana ezivela endaweni efanayo ezinezimo ezahlukene (ukubhakha) bese uzihlanganisa.
Beka ikhamera ku-tripod, khubaza ukuzinza kwesithombe, bese uthatha uchungechunge lwezithombe, ushintsha isivinini se-shutter noma isinxephezelo sokuchayeka kuphela, ngaphandle kokuhambisa uhlaka. Bese, ekuhleleni isofthiwe evumela ukuhlanganiswa kwesithombe noma i-HDR yemvelo, khetha izithombe bese Ihlanganisa ulwazi oluvela ezindaweni ezivezwe kahle kakhulu zesigaba ngasinye.Umphumela owenziwe kahle unikeza indawo elinganiselayo lapho kokubili ingaphakathi nengaphandle kuyaziswa khona.
Ukulungiswa kombono kanye nemigqa eqondile
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uqaphela kangakanani lapho ubeka ikhamera endaweni yayo, kuyinto evamile kakhulu imigqa eqondile ibonakala ihlangana (izindonga nezinsika kubonakala sengathi ziwela emuva) noma ukuthi ifenisha ibukeka ikhubazekile, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzise ilensi ene-engeli ebanzi.
Izinhlelo eziningi zokuhlela zesimanje zifaka phakathi amalensi namathuluzi okulungisa umbono. Okokuqala, sebenzisa iphrofayili yakho yelensi ukuze ulungise ukuhlanekezela kanye nokufiphaza, bese usebenzisa izinketho ze ukuqondanisa okuqondile nokuvundlile Ukuqondisa izindonga nezitezi. Kwenze kancane, ngoba ukulungisa ngokweqile kunganciphisa isithombe kakhulu noma kudale izinto zobuciko emaphethelweni.
Ukugxila, imininingwane, kanye nokukhetha isithombe
Uma usukwazi kahle ukukhanya nombono, sekuyisikhathi sokugxila (ngokoqobo nangokomfanekiso) kulokho okubaluleke ngempela esithombeni ngasinye: ubukhali kanye nokukhetha okufanele kwalokho okufanele ukubonise nalokho okufanele ukushiye. Benza umehluko phakathi kwegalari evamile nombiko othakazelisayo.
Gxila emininingwaneni ekhuluma ngesikhala
Asikho isidingo sokugcwalisa isikhangiso noma isihloko ngezithombe eziningi ezifanayo. Izithombe ezimbalwa ezikhethwe kahle ngekamelo ngalinye kanye nezimbalwa izithombe zemininingwane ebalulekile Ngokuvamile kwanele ukuveza umongo wendlu.
Ngokwesibonelo, endlini yokugezela, ungagqamisa ikhwalithi yezinto zokwakha ngokubonisa eduze kompompi, ishawa, ibhavu, noma iyunithi yokugeza. Ekhishini, ikhawuntara enhle, izibambo, ukuqeda kwamakhabethe, noma ithini lokupheka. ukunikeza ulwazi oluningi ngaphandle kwesidingo semibhalo emideSebenzisa izimbobo ezibanzi kancane kule mininingwane ukuze uhlukanise isici esiyinhloko futhi ufiphaze ingemuva.
Khetha bese uhlanganisa izithombe ezibanzi kakhulu kanye nezithombe eziseduze
Ama-portal amaningi ezindlu akuvumela ukuthi ulayishe inani elikhulu lezithombe, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi kufanele uyisebenzise njenge-albhamu ephelele, engahlungiwe. Kungcono ukuthatha izithombe eziningi bese... gcina kuphela lezo ezinikela okuthile ngempelaIhlanganisa imibono evamile ebeka umbukeli eduze kokuqeda, ukwakheka noma amakhona akhethekile.
Uma ubukeza izithombe, zibuze ukuthi ngayinye ingeza ulwazi oluhlukile noma ukuthi iphinda into efanayo yini nenye. Uma izithombe ezimbili zifana kakhulu, khetha leyo enesithombe ukwakheka okungcono, ukukhanya kanye nomuzwa wobubanzibese ulahla okunye. Lokho kuhlelwa okuhle kuyisihluthulelo sokwenza yonke into ibe yinhle futhi ingabi yinto enesithukuthezi.
Ngokulandela lezi ziqondiso—kusukela ekulungiseleleni indawo ngokucophelela kuya ekusebenziseni izilungiselelo ezithile zekhamera, ukulawula ukukhanya, ukulungisa umbono, nokukhetha ngokucophelela izithombe zakho—ungashintsha ngokuphelele ikhwalithi yezithombe zakho zangaphakathi. Ngokuzijwayeza okuncane, uzobona ukuthi amakamelo akho abukeka kanjani abanzi, ekhanya, futhi engokoqobo, nokuthi izithombe zomndeni wakho ekhaya zithola kanjani ubukhali kanye nemvelo, ngisho nasezimweni zokukhanya ezinzima.
